A Review on Additives for Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Additives are widely adopted for efficient, stable, and hysteresis‐free perovskite solar cells and play an important role in various breakthroughs of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein the various additives adopted for PSCs are reviewed and their functioning mechanism and influence on device performance is described. The main roles of additives, modulating morphology of perovskite films, stabilizing phase of formamidinium (FA) and cesium (Cs)‐based perovskites, adjusting energy level alignment in PSCs, suppressing nonradiative recombination in perovskites, eliminating hysteresis, enhancing operational stability of PSCs, are summarized.     

思维导图引导康复锻炼对胸腰椎肿瘤术后功能恢复的干预效果

目的:研究思维导图引导康复锻炼对胸腰椎肿瘤术后功能恢复的干预效果,为患者术后的康复提供指导。方法:选择我院2017年1月-2019年12月期间我院200例胸腰段肿瘤术后患者。按照随机数表法将其分为研究组与对照组。研究组采用思维导图引导康复锻炼措施,对照组采用常规术后康复锻炼措施。比较两组患者干预前后腰背部功能、日常生活活动能力、社会生活生存质量及康复质量的评分结果。结果:干预后研究组生活自理能力、疼痛情况、站立、坐位、步行、睡眠情况、社会生活的Oswestry功能障碍(ODI)指数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后研究组Barthel指数以及Fugl-Meyer评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后研究组社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)评分与生存质量测定量表(QOLI)评分明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后研究组患者的躯体症状、心理状态及康复状况评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:思维导图引导康复锻炼对胸腰椎肿瘤术后功能恢复有着较为理想的效果,值得临床推广运用。     

基于CT血管成像的血流储备分数对肺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨基于CT血管成像的血流储备分数对肺癌淋巴结转移的诊断价值。方法:2018年1月到11月选择在本院进行诊治的肺癌患者60例,所有患者都给予常规CT检查与CT血管成像,记录成像特征与相关血流储备分数-血流量(blood flow,BF)、血容量(blood volume,BV)、平均通过时间(mean transit time,MTT),判断诊断价值。结果:在60例患者中,病理确诊为淋巴结转移20例,非淋巴结转移40例。转移组的毛刺征、分叶征、棘突征、空泡征等CT征象发生率显著高于非转移组(P0.05)。转移组的肺动脉BF、BV值显著低于非转移组(P0.05),MTT值显著高于非转移组(P0.05)。在60例患者中,Spearman相关分析显示淋巴结转移与MTT成显著正相关性(P0.05),与BF、BV值成显著负相关性(P0.05)。结论:CT血管成像在肺癌中的应用能反映患者的血流储备分数状况,有利于判断患者的淋巴结转移情况,有很好的应用价值。     

妇科盆腔恶性肿瘤血常规检测结果分析

目的:了解妇科盆腔恶性肿瘤血常规变化及其临床意义。方法:以无锡市人民医院2018年1月～2019年3月收治的90例妇科盆腔恶性肿瘤患者作为病例组,同期住院的243例确诊为盆腔良性病变或妊娠状态的患者作为良性对照组,选取同期717名接受体检的成年女性作为健康对照组,对三组研究对象的血常规指标进行回顾性分析。结果:与健康对照组比较,良性对照组和病例组患者的嗜酸性粒细胞百分比(EO)、嗜酸性粒细胞计数(EO#)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血红蛋白水平(HGB)、淋巴细胞百分比(LY)、淋巴细胞计数(LY#)、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、红细胞计数(RBC)水平降低,单核细胞计数(MO#)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、中性粒细胞百分比(NE)、中性粒细胞计数(NE#)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、白细胞计数(WBC)水平升高;病例组患者EO、EO#、LY、LY#、MO#、MPV水平低于良性对照组,HCT、HBG、MCHC、PDW、NE、NE#、RDW水平高于良性对照组,同时,病例组患者的红细胞平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)水平高于健康对照组,健康对照组的MCH、MCV水平高于良性对照组,良性对照组患者的单核细胞百分比(MO)、血小板压积(PCT)水平高于健康对照组,健康对照组的MO、PCT水平高于病例组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic多元回归分析结果显示,LY#、MO#、MCHC、RDW、MCH、MCV与盆腔恶性肿瘤的发生具有相关性(P0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,在各项血常规指标中,MCV诊断妇产科盆腔恶性肿瘤的曲线下面积(AUC)最高,为0.683。结论:盆腔恶性肿瘤患者的血常规指标与良性病变患者和健康人群均存在差异,部分指标与恶性肿瘤的发生具有独立相关性。     

丙泊酚在颅脑损伤手术中的效果观察及对血清CRP、PCT水平的影响

目的:分析丙泊酚在颅脑损伤手术中的效果及对血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)水平的影响。方法:选择2016年6月-2019年6月我院收治的颅脑损伤手术患者90例纳入本次研究,根据麻醉方式分为观察组(n=46)和对照组(n=44)。对照组使用依托咪酯进行麻醉诱导,观察组采用丙泊酚进行麻醉诱导。比较两组患者呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、拔管时间、不同时间血清CRP、PCT、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、收缩压(SBP)及舒张压(DBP)、简易智能量表(MMSE)、视觉模拟(VAS)评分的变化情况及不良反应的发生情况。结果:观察组呼吸恢复时间、睁眼时间、拔管时间均显著短于对照组(P0.05)。术前,两组血清CRP、PCT水平比较无显著差异;术中,两组血清CRP、PCT水平均较术前明显下降,且观察组术中血清CRP、PCT水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05);术前,两组HR、MAP、SBP及DBP水平无显著差异;术中,两组HR、MAP、SBP及DBP水平均较术前显著升高,且观察组术中HR、MAP、SBP及DBP水平均显著低于对照组,术后两组HR、MAP、SBP及DBP水平均较术中明显下降,且观察组术后以上指标显著低于对照组(P0.05);术前,两组MMSE、VAS评分水平无明显差异;术后,两组MMSE、VAS评分水平均较术前明显下降,且观察组MMSE评分水平均显著高于对照组,VAS评分水平显著低于对照组(P0.05);两组不良反应总发生率分别为4.35%、11.36%,组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:丙泊酚可降低颅脑损伤手术患者术中血清CRP、PCT水平,稳定血流动力学,并发挥术后镇痛作用。     

空心钉加内侧支撑钢板与单纯空心钉治疗PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折的疗效比较研究

目的:比较PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折分别经单纯空心钉、空心钉加内侧支撑钢板治疗的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2016年3月～2019年2月期间收治的113例PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为A组(n=55,单纯空心钉内固定治疗)和B组(n=58,空心钉加内侧支撑钢板治疗),比较两组患者围术期指标、髋关节功能、术后疼痛及复位质量,记录两组患者随访期间并发症发生情况。结果:B组术中出血量多于A组,手术时间长于A组(均P0.05);B组骨折愈合时间、完全负重时间短于A组(P0.05)。两组患者术后3个月、术后6个月髋关节Harrris评分呈升高趋势,视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评分呈下降趋势(P0.05);B组术后3个月、术后6个月髋关节Harrris评分高于A组,VAS评分则低于A组(P0.05)。与术后3 d相比,A组患者术后6个月正位、侧位Garden指数降低(P0.05);B组术后6个月正位、侧位Garden指数评分高于A组(P0.05)。B组并发症发生率低于A组(P0.05)。结论:与单纯空心钉内固定治疗PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折相比,空心钉加内侧支撑钢板虽然术中出血量多,手术时间略长,但其术后恢复效果更佳,且并发症发生率更低,临床应用价值较高。     

Serologic Response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Patients with Different Severity

Virologica Sinica - The immense patient number caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic brings the urge for more knowledge about its immunological features, including the...     

Evidence of compliance with and effectiveness of guidelines for noninvasive prenatal testing in China: a retrospective study of 189,809 cases

In China,the medical guidelines recommend performing noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) with caution for pregnant women aged 35 years or older.However,the Mother and Child Health Care Law suggests that all primiparous women whose age is older than 35 years undergo prenatal diagnosis.These two inconsistent suggestions/recommendations have made obstetricians confused about whether to offer NIPT to these older pregnant women.To face this issue and find out the solution we performed a retrospective study of 189,809 NIPT samples collected from 28 provincial-leveled administrative units in China.Of 1,564women with high-risk pregnancies who underwent NIPT,459 (29.3%) did not participate in follow-up.The compound sensitivity and specificity of NIPT for trisomies 21,18 and 13 detection was 99.1%(95%CI,98.0%-99.6%) and 99.9%(95%CI,98.8%-99.9%),respectively.In secundiparous women,NIPT showed high sensitivity and specificity similar to that in primiparous women.The observed risk for trisomies 21 and 18 significantly increased when the maternal age was 39 and older.After the publication of the current NIPT policy,the follow-up rate at our center was 97.9%;however,a large number of women are not in maternal and infant care networks nationwide,and that makes the follow-up rate outside our center relatively low.Our study shows that to balance the prevention of major aneuploidies and the limited resources for prenatal diagnosis,the cut-off age of 35for invasive prenatal diagnosis might be unnecessary.Although the NIPT guidelines are well written,how to practice it effectively,especially in less industrialized areas,is worth discussing.     

Molecular diversity of the 5S nuclear ribosomal DNA in Campeiostachys with StHY haplome constitution

To detect the genomic constitutions and investigate the evolutionary relationships between Campeiostachys Drobov and Elymus L. species, we have cloned and analyzed 271 5S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences from 27 accessions of these species, mostly of Chinese origin. We identified Long H1, Short S1, and Long Y1 unit classes in nine Campeiostachys or Elymus species. The identification of the three orthologous unit classes was confirmed by the neighbor‐joining tree of each unit class from PAUP and the phylogeny tree of three unit classes from MrBayes. The results suggested that these Elymus species comprise StYH haplomes and should be included in Campeiostachys. The phylogeny tree showed a clear separation between the S1 unit class and Y1 unit class. However, Y1 unit class sequences formed a sister clade to the S1 unit class, implying that although the St and Y haplomes might have some affinity, they are distinct from one another. The phylogeny tree also indicated that the five species in sect. Turczaninovia (C. dahurica var. cylindrica, C. dahurica var. dahurica, C. dahurica var. tangutorum, E. purpuraristatus, and E. dahuricus Turcz. ex Griseb. var. violeus C. P. Wang & H. L. Yang) might share a more recent common ancestor, whereas the four species in sect. Elymus (C. nutans, E. breviaristatus (Keng) Keng ex Keng f., E. sinosubmuticus (Keng) Keng f., and E. atratus (Nevski) Hand.‐Mazz.) share a close relationship. By identifying only one type of unit class for each haplome, we propose that the 5S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences of species within Campeiostachys might have undergone haplome‐specific concerted evolution.